Context
Russia recently successfully placed into orbit a military satellite believed to be part of the Kremlin’s early warning anti-missile system.
Recently, Russia has successfully placed into orbit a military satellite. The satellite is believed to be a Tundra Satellite, part of Russia's early warning anti-missile system named Kupol or dome.
About Tundra Satellite System
- Between 2015 and 2020, Russia established the Tundra satellite system, which is a constellation of Missile Early Warning Satellites.
- It is equipped with a secure emergency communication payload that will be used in the event of a nuclear war.
- It is a group of satellites that will replace the Oko-1 system's early-warning satellites as the next generation of Russian early-warning satellites.
- The final Oko (Eye) satellite (missile defense early warning programme) is said to have stopped functioning in mid-2014, leaving Russia to rely on ground-based missile detection systems.
- They'll be part of the EKS, or Unified Space System (USS—also known as Kupol or dome), which will contain numerous geostationary orbit satellites.
- Kupol, which was unveiled in 2019, is supposed to detect ballistic missile launches and track them to their target, however, their exact configuration is unknown.
Anti-Missile Defence Systems with India
- S-400 TRIUMF: India has the S-400 TRIUMF, which is capable of countering all three threats (rockets, missiles, and cruise missiles). They do, however, have a significantly greater range.
- To ward off threats, it possesses a significantly larger air defense bubble.
- It is a Russian-designed mobile surface-to-air missile system (SAM).
- Within a range of 400 kilometres and at altitudes of up to 30 kilometers, the system can engage all forms of aerial targets.
- The device can track 100 targets in the air and engage 6 of them at once.
- Prithvi Air Defence and Advance Air Defence:The Prithvi Air Defence (PAD) missile for high altitude interception and the Advanced Air Defence (AAD) Missile For lower altitude interception make up a double-tiered system.
- It is capable of intercepting any missile launched from a distance of 5,000 kilometers. The system also contains an overlapping network of the early warning and tracking radars, as well as the command and control posts.
- Ashwin Advanced Air Defence Interceptor Missile:It is also an indigenously produced Advanced Air Defence (AAD) interceptor missile developed by Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO).
- It is the advanced version of the low altitude supersonic ballistic interceptor missile.
- The missile also has its own mobile launcher, secure data link for interception, independent tracking and homing capabilities and sophisticated radars.
- It uses an endo-spheric (within the Earth’s atmosphere) interceptor that knocks out ballistic missiles at a maximum altitude of 60,000 to 100,000 feet, and across a range between 90 and 125 miles.
Other Anti-Missile Defense System
- Iron Dome: Israel
- Terminal High Altitude Area Defense(THAAD): US
