Context
Ministry of Health launched Operational Guidelines for integration of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) with NPCDCS.
About Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)
- Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an umbrella term for a range of liver conditions affecting people who drink little to no alcohol.
- The main characteristic of NAFLD is too much fat stored in liver cells.
- Some individuals with NAFLD can develop nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), an aggressive form of fatty liver disease, which is marked by liver inflammation and can cause liver failure.
- NAFLD is around 9% to 32% of the general population in India with a higher prevalence in those with overweight or obesity and those with diabetes or prediabetes.
- People with NAFLD have a greater chance of developing cardiovascular disease.
Symptoms
NAFLD usually causes no signs and symptoms.
- Fatigue
- Pain or discomfort in the upper right abdomen
- Abdominal swelling (ascites)
- Enlarged blood vessels just beneath the skin's surface
- Enlarged spleen
- Red palms
- Yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice)
Causes
- The exact causes of NAFLD aren’t well understood.
- There appears to be a connection between the disease and insulin resistance.
- It has a high rate of occurrence in people with diabetes.
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National Programme for Prevention & Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardio-vascular Diseases and Stroke (NPCDCS)
- The initiative was launched by Health & Family Welfare Department under the National Health Mission.
- Under this Programme, Opportunistic Screening of Common NCDs (Diabetes, Hypertension, Cardiovascular Diseases, and Common Cancer- Oral, Breast and Cervical) are being done from all the health facilities (PHC to Dist. Hospital) and followed by diagnosis and treatment.
- Along with this for early detection of Diabetes, Hypertension, & three common cancers – Oral, Breast, and Cervical Population-Based Screening (PBS) under NPCDCS of all persons above 30 years are being done with the help of ASHA, ANM through SC (Suswasthya Kendra) and followed by diagnosis and treatment by the MOs of PHC to DH.
- Its goal is to improve treatment compliance of hypertension up to a level of 50%, thus reducing mortality due to cardiovascular diseases up to 30% within 2025.
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